Matter and Measurement flashcards

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What is matter?Properties and Changes of Matter: Anything with mass that occupies space.
What is an intensive property?Properties and Changes of Matter: A property independent of sample size.
What is an extensive property?Properties and Changes of Matter: A property that depends on sample amount.
What is an element?Properties and Changes of Matter: A substance made of one type of atom.
What is a compound?Properties and Changes of Matter: Elements chemically combined in a fixed ratio.
What is a mixture?Properties and Changes of Matter: Substances physically combined in variable proportions.
What is a homogeneous mixture?Properties and Changes of Matter: A mixture that is uniform at the sampling scale.
What is a physical change?Properties and Changes of Matter: A change in form or state without changing chemical identity.
What is a chemical change?Properties and Changes of Matter: A change that forms substances with different compositions.
What is a conversion factor?Units and Significant Figures: A ratio of equivalent quantities equal to one.
What is dimensional analysis?Units and Significant Figures: Using unit cancellation to check and carry conversions.
What is an SI base unit for length?Units and Significant Figures: The meter (m).
What is a significant figure?Units and Significant Figures: A digit justified by the measurement, including the estimated digit.
Do leading zeros count as significant?Units and Significant Figures: No; they locate the decimal point.
What limits significant figures in multiplication?Units and Significant Figures: The factor with the fewest significant figures.
What limits rounding in addition?Units and Significant Figures: The least precise decimal place.
What is accuracy?Units and Significant Figures: Closeness to an accepted or reference value.
What is precision?Units and Significant Figures: Closeness of repeated measurements to one another.
What is resolution?Units and Significant Figures: The smallest interval distinguishable by an instrument.
What does a balance measure?Laboratory Measurements and Safety: Mass.
What does a graduated cylinder measure?Laboratory Measurements and Safety: Liquid volume.
What is a meniscus?Laboratory Measurements and Safety: The curved surface of a liquid in a container.
What does taring a balance do?Laboratory Measurements and Safety: Sets the display to zero with the container in place.
What is random variation?Laboratory Measurements and Safety: Trial-to-trial scatter in measured values.
What is systematic error?Laboratory Measurements and Safety: A consistent bias in one direction.
What is an independent variable?Laboratory Measurements and Safety: The factor deliberately changed in a comparison.
What is a dependent variable?Laboratory Measurements and Safety: The measured response.
What should you do about an unknown spill?Laboratory Measurements and Safety: Alert the instructor and follow the local procedure.