Gravity and Planetary Systems flashcards

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What is meant by “Gravity” in this lesson?Gravity and Orbital Motion: Gravity is an attractive interaction associated with mass and described by suitable physical models.
What is meant by “Inertia” in this lesson?Gravity and Orbital Motion: Inertia is resistance to changing motion without a net force.
What is meant by “Orbit” in this lesson?Gravity and Orbital Motion: An orbit is motion governed by gravitational interaction around a body or shared center of mass.
What is meant by “Escape speed” in this lesson?Gravity and Orbital Motion: Escape speed is the minimum speed for an ideal unpowered escape from a stated position under model assumptions.
What is meant by “Mass versus weight” in this lesson?Gravity and Orbital Motion: Mass and gravitational force are different quantities.
What is meant by “Free fall” in this lesson?Gravity and Orbital Motion: Free fall is motion dominated by gravity rather than absence of gravity.
What is meant by “Ellipse” in this lesson?Kepler’s Laws: An ellipse is a closed curve with two foci used to describe ideal bound two-body orbits.
What is meant by “Kepler's first law” in this lesson?Kepler’s Laws: An ideal bound two-body orbit is an ellipse with the attracting body at a focus in the usual approximation.
What is meant by “Kepler's second law” in this lesson?Kepler’s Laws: Equal time intervals sweep equal areas in the ideal orbital description.
What is meant by “Kepler's third law” in this lesson?Kepler’s Laws: Period squared scales with semimajor axis cubed for systems with the same central-mass approximation.
What is meant by “Semimajor axis” in this lesson?Kepler’s Laws: The semimajor axis is half an ellipse's longest diameter.
What is meant by “Eccentricity” in this lesson?Kepler’s Laws: Eccentricity measures how an orbit departs from a circle.
What is meant by “Solar nebula” in this lesson?Planetary Formation: The solar nebula was the rotating gas-and-dust material from which the Solar System formed.
What is meant by “Accretion” in this lesson?Planetary Formation: Accretion builds larger bodies through accumulation of material.
What is meant by “Protoplanetary disk” in this lesson?Planetary Formation: A protoplanetary disk contains material around a young star that can form planets.
What is meant by “Condensation conditions” in this lesson?Planetary Formation: Temperature and pressure affect which materials form solids in a disk.
What is meant by “Planetary migration” in this lesson?Planetary Formation: Migration changes orbital locations through interactions with disks or other bodies.
What is meant by “Formation evidence” in this lesson?Planetary Formation: Evidence combines composition, orbital patterns, dating, and observations of young systems.